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Optical fiber is a long thin cylindrical fiber made from glass or plastic, that is as small as one tenth of a human hair. A standard telecom optical fiber is composed of three layers that are counted inside out: fiber core (diameter 8~10um) as well as the cladding (diameter 130um) as well as buffer layer (diameter 9000um).
Fiber core and cladding are made from glass or silica. Fiber Core and layers of cladding are used to keep the light inside the core, without leakage. Fiber buffer coating is made out of plastic or acrylic, and provides handling flexibility and physical protection for the fiber.
Fiber optics employ an optical phenomenon called total internal reflection. When light is in the fiber from the the end, it becomes confined inside the core without leaking outside and losing energy.
Then, light is digitally modulated to represent the numbers 1 and 0 as a computer. As such, information can be transferred from one location to another site which may be from San Francisco all the way to New York.
What are fiber optic connectors ? And how do they function?
Now you know how optical fibers operate. So what exactly is an optical connector and what’s its function in the fiber optic telecommunications network?
In simple terms, a fiber optic connector’s function is just like an electric power plug that connects light from one part of optical fiber to a different section of optical fiber.
Because optical fibers are small, fiber optic connectors have to be constructed with high precision, and at a size of 0.1um, which equals one hundredth a human hair.
Fiber optic connectors connect two fibers from end to end to ensure that light is able to be transferred from one fiber to another without bounce off the interface , and thus losing its signal.
Besides, fiber optic connectors provide cross connect flexibility for the telecommunications network. Therefore, a computer network that is complex could be made modular and manageable.
Just like any other connectors that are used in electric industry, electronic industry, and computer industry, many different kinds of fiber optic connectors were created along the development of fiber optic communications. Some of them once were extremely popular in the field and now have served their purposes and are fading away.
The most well-known fiber optic connectors in use today include SC, ST, LC, FC, MTRJ, مندوب الياف بصرية SMA and a few of others that are less well-known. You will surely see new connectors invented with the progress of this industry.